Introduction. Once considered an orphan disease, bronchiectasis represents a real public health problem because of its disabling nature. Its prognosis depends on etiology and early treatment. The data in the literature come mainly from West-ern countries. The aim of this study is to determine the prevalence and etiological profile of bronchiectasis at the Yalgado Ouédraogo University Hospital Center (CHU-YO) in Burkina Faso.
Method. This was a cross-sectional, retrospective study that took place from January 1, 2016 to December 31, 2018 and in-volved the records of patients with bronchiectasis seen in the department of Pneumology in of CHU-YO.
Results. Seventy-two cases of bronchiectasis were included out of 2,051 hospitalized patients, a prevalence of 3.51%. The mean age was 58.35 ± 15.39 years and the sex ratio was 1.6. Diffuse and cystic bronchiectasis accounted for 87.69% and 75.38% of the workforce, respectively. The etiologies found were sequelae of pulmonary tuberculosis (26.15%), asthma (23.08%), recurrent lung disease (13.84%), COPD (7.69%), connective tissue disease (1.54%) and allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis (1.54%). In 16.92% of cases an etiology was not found.
Conclusion. the etiologies of bronchiectasis were dominated by the sequelae of tuberculosis. However, the inaccessibility of some diagnostic tools makes it difficult to systematically search for other etiologies mentioned in the literature.

Bronchiectasis; etiologies; tuberculosis; Burkina Faso; prevalence; bronchiectasis; etiology