Identification of heavy metals from synthetic pesticides used for agriculture in Eastern Burkina Faso

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Résumé

Background and Objective: Burkina Faso is a country with a predominantly young population, its GDP is mainly based on agriculture. To increase yields, producers use synthetic pesticides against pests to optimize yields. It is necessary to determine the dangers of these chemicals and pesticides so that they can adopt good agricultural practices. Hence the origin of the synthetic chemicals used in the Eastern Region of Burkina Faso was determined. Materials and Methods: A survey was carried out among the main players in the agricultural chain and plant material was collected. The presence of the following heavy metals As, Cd, Co, Cr, Mn, Hg, Pb, Cu, Ni and Zn were searched in harvested agricultural product (Sorghum bicolor, Phaseolus vulgaris, Ipomoea batatas and Solanum lycopercicum) were analyzed using atomic absorption spectrometry. The collected data were subjected to analysis of variance using XLSTAT software version 2016. Results: Laboratory analyzes confirmed the presence of only three heavy metals. The concentration of copper residues varied between 6 and 21 ppm, manganese varying between 8.3 and 43 ppm and lead varying between 0.5 and 2.2 ppm in seeds of Sorghum bicolor, Phaseolus lycopersicum, respectively. Conclusion: The presence of heavy metal residues in consumer products constitutes a real direct danger to the health of the population. Limiting or controlling the use of synthetic chemicals is necessary for the prevention of serious illnesses in a young population.

Mots-clés

Synthetic, pesticides, heavy metals, pollution, agriculture products, Burkina Faso