Risk Factors for Bovine Tuberculosis Transmission in Burkina Faso’s Cattle Herds

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Résumé

Abstract: Bovine tuberculosis is a zoonotic disease, primarily caused by Mycobacterium bovis, that poses a serious
threat to both human and animal health. Understanding the risk factors that contribute to its spread is critical for
developing effective prevention and control strategies. This cross-sectional study investigated risk factors
associated with bovine tuberculosis in cattle herds in Burkina Faso. A structured survey questionnaire was
administered to 204 cattle breeders randomly selected across seven regions of Burkina Faso in local languages.
Multivariable logistic regression was used to identify the risk factors associated with the occurrence of bTB. Of 204,
36.3% of survey respondents reported post-mortem bTB cases in their herds. Introduction of new animals (OR =
4.37; 95% CI [2.011; 9.534]; p < 0.05) and herd size (OR = 2.74; 95% CI [1.318; 5.689]; p < 0.05) emerged as the
strongest predictors of bTB. However risk factors were statistically non-significant (p >0.05) with an odds ratio (OR)
>1 and 95% CI [0.817; 10.03], [0.341; 4.0421] and [0.776; 7.0281] respectively for water point sharing, pasture
sharing and distance between farms and dwellings. Strengthening farm-level biosecurity and improving disease
awareness among breeders could significantly reduce bovine tuberculosis transmission in Burkina Faso.

Mots-clés

Risk, Factors, Tuberculosis, Cattle, Burkina Faso