Glutathione S-transferase M1 and T1 genes deletion polymorphisms and blood pressure control among treated essential hypertensive patients in Burkina Faso

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Résumé

Abstract

Objective

Glutathione S-transferases have been associated with experimental resistance to some drugs. The present study investigated the factors associated with blood pressure control in patients with essential hypertension, especially the role of
GSTT1
and
GSTM1
genes polymorphisms. This cross-sectional study in Burkina Faso consisted of 200 patients with essential hypertension and under treatment.



Results

In the present study, 57.5% (115/200) of patients had their hypertension under control. No statistically significant difference was found between controlled and uncontrolled groups for anthropometric and biochemical parameters as well as for
GSTT1
or
GSTM1
gene polymorphisms (all
p
 > 0.05). Current alcohol consumption (OR = 3.04; CI 1.88–6.13;
p
 < 0.001), Physical inactivity (OR = 3.07; CI 1.71–5.49;
p
 < 0.001), severe hypertension before any treatment (Grade III [OR = 3.79; CI 2.00–7.17;
p
 < 0.001]) and heart damage (OR = 3, 14; CI 1.59–6.02;
p
 < 0.001) were statistically more frequent in uncontrolled essential hypertensive patients than controlled hypertensive patients.

Mots-clés

glutathione S-transferase M1, glutathione S-transferase T1, essential hypertension, blood pressure control, antihypertensive therapy, alcohol consumption, physical inactivity, cardiac injury, genetic susceptibility, Burkina Faso