Background. Anemia in children aged 6 to 59 months is a public health problem in Burkina Faso with a prevalence
well above the 40% estimated by WHO globally for this age group. Aim. The objective of this study was to evaluate
the prevalence and associated factors of anemia in children aged 6 to 59 months. Methods. This was a cross-sectional
descriptive and analytical study. The rapid diagnostic test “hemocue” was used to measure the hemoglobin level
in the blood of 486 children aged 6 to 59 months. The cut-off point for any anemia was a hemoglobin level of less
than 11.0 g/dL. The chi-square test was used to analyze the anemia prevalence differences in different characteristic
groups, and the multivariate logistic regression was used to analyze the relationship between the household and
sociodemographic characteristics and anemia in children. The data was processed using the SPSS software. Results.
Nine out of 10 children were anemic, with a prevalence of 90.9%. Prevalences were high in both Gnagna and
Gourma, respectively 89.9% and 91.6%. The results of the bivariate analysis showed that the age of the child, the
household head education level and the participation of the mother in activities to prevent malnutrition were
significantly associated with anemia. In multivariate analysis, children aged 6 to 12 months were 3 times more likely
to have anemia than children aged over 36 months. Those aged 13 to 36 months were twice as likely to have anemia
as those aged over 36 months. Conclusion. There was a need to strengthen anemia interventions taking into account
the age of children.

anemia, children aged 6 to 59 months, eastern region of Burkina Faso