Background and Objective: Breast cancer is a major public health burden worldwide. During chemotherapy treatment, the development of therapeutic resistance considerably compromises patientsʼ prognosis. The aim of this study was to investigate the genetic factors associated with response to breast cancer treatment in patients in Burkina Faso, in particular the CHEK2 1100delC mutation. Materials and Methods: A case-control study has been performed from January, 2020 to August, 2022. Cases were patients with a poor response to chemotherapy according to RECIST criteria, controls were those with a good response. Specific parallel PCR has been used to characterize the CHEK2 1100delC mutation. Results: A total of seventy-eight patients have been enrolled in the study, including 38 cases and 40 controls. The mean age of the patients was 48.73±10.69 years. The SBRm grade II (84.62%) and non-specific infiltrating carcinoma (91.03%) were the most common. The majority of patients (67.95%) were on their first line of chemotherapy. No CHEK2 1100delC mutations were found among study patients. Conclusion: The management of breast cancer with chemotherapy requires relevant data to assess response to treatment. There were no CHEK2 1100delC mutations found in the study. Further studies, using sequencing methods, in particular, would make a considerable contribution.

CHEK2 1100delC, breast cancer, chemotherapy, chemoresistance, mutation