Introduction: External hemorrhoidal thrombosis is a clinical is the most common postpartum proctologic accident. The aim of this work was to study hemorrhoidal thrombosis in recent mothers, in order to help improve its management. Patients and Methods: This was a descriptive and analytical cross-sectional study that was carried out at Saint Camille Hospital in Oua-gadougou, Burkina Faso. Data collection was prospective and took place over a period of three months from September 1 to November 30, 2019. The study population consisted of recent births. The interview with the patients and their physical examination enabled the collection of data. Results: During the study period, 384 women were examined and 56 (14.6%) of whom presented with external hemorrhoidal thrombosis. The average age of patients who pre-sented with external hemorrhoidal thrombosis was 29 years ± 5.2. The exter-nal hemorrhoidal thrombosis appeared in the form of a painful swelling at the level of the anal margin. In multivariate analysis, dyschezia and personal history of hemorrhoidal disease were risk factors for external hemorrhoidal thrombosis in the postpartum period (OR = 37.4 [6.8 - 205.7]; OR = 23.9 [3.3 - 174.2]. Consumption of fruit and foods rich in dietary fiber were protective factors against the occurrence of this risk (OR = 0.02 [0.002 - 0.3]). Conclu-sion: External hemorrhoidal thrombosis remains a complication to be taken into account during the monitoring of postpartum women. It is important to encourage pregnant women to consume foods and fruits rich in fiber seem to reduce the risk of its occurrence.

Hemorrhoid, Thrombosis, Postpartum