Poor adherence to antiretroviral therapy (ART) leads to increased risk of progression to HIV/AIDS. This study aims to determine the factors associated with adherence to antiretroviral therapy among people living with HIV (PLHIV) in Burkina Faso. We undertook a mixed method study that included 125 HIV public and private health centers from December, 2019 to March, 2020. A total of l,456 persons were included in the study. The prevalence of adherence to ART was estimated at 74% (95% confidence interval “CI”: [71.6-76.2]). The probability of being adherent to ART was reduced for PLHIV followed up at the 2nd step in 1st level of care as compared to those treated at the 1st step
of 1st level (adjusted odds ratio “aOR”: 0.64; 95%CI: [0.45-0.92]). The patients with at least secondary education level were less adherent to ART as compared to those who were illiterate (aOR: 0.63; 95%CI: [0.47-0.87]). The qualitative study showed that forgetfulness, undesirable effects of ART and the patients’ attitudes and beliefs regarding ART
influence patients’ adherence to ART. Patients’ adherence to ART prevalence remains low, requiring further actions such as scaling up ARV dispensation at community level and promoting patient therapeutic education to fill the gap in patients’ compliance.

Factors associated, Adherence to ART, PLHIV, Burkina Faso