Multidrug Resistance of Escherichia Coli by Production of TOHO, NDM and SHV Type Enzymes at the Pietro Annigoni Research Centre (CERBA)

---

Résumé

Antibiotics are drugs used to fight infections caused by bacteria. They are one of the most important discoveries in medicine that has saved and continues to save millions of lives each year, but their effectiveness is threatened because bacteria can adapt andresist treatment. The present study aimed to identify the blaNDM, blaSHV and blaTOHO genes in Escherichia coli strains isolated from patients at the Pietro Annigoni Biomolecular Research Center (CERBA) in Ouagadougou. The isolation and purification of bacterial strains from the stools and urine of internal and external patients of CERBA were carried out on selective mediaand Muller Hinton (MH) medium. The antibiogram was carried out according to the disc diffusion method. The API 20Ebiochemical gallery (Bio Mérieux, France) was used for the identification of enterobacteria and the blaNDM, blaSHV and bla TOHO genes were detected by conventional Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR). A total of one hundred and twenty-two (122) strains ofGram-negative bacilli were isolated, including 85 (69.67%) strains of E. coli. All E. coli strains were resistant to at least one ofthe antibiotics studied. Conventional PCR showed that 48.23% (41/85) of E. coli strains carried at least one gene studied. Among the 85 E. coli strains, 35.30% (30/85) of the strains harbored the blaNDM gene, 18.82% (16/85) blaSHV and 8.23% (7/85) of strains carrying the blaTOHO gene. Among the 85 strains, the coexistence of blaSHV genes + blaNDM, blaSHV + blaTOHO, blaTOHO + blaNDM, and blaSHV + blaNDM + blaTOHO were found in 16.47% (14/85) in total. This study has highlighted themulti-resistance of ESBL-producing E. coli strains carrying the blaNDM, blaSHV and bla TOHO genes. The strong coexistence ofgenes in certain E. coli strains requires efforts to find new therapeutic solutions to combat bacterial resistance.

Mots-clés

Resistance to Antibiotics, Enzymes, Enterobacteria, E.coli, SHV, NDM and TOHO Genes