First Detection of NDM-type Carbapenemase-Producing K. pneumoniae isolated from Clinical Samples in Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso

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Résumé

Background: Klebsiella pneumoniae is one of the most concerning Gram-negative opportunistic pathogens responsible for various infectious diseases. The rapid emergence and spread of clinically multidrug resistant and hypervirulent strains of K. pneumoniae constitute a serious public health threat. The aim of this study was to identify the NDM-type
carbapenemase gene in K. pneumoniae strains isolated from the Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Pédiatrique Charles De Gaulle (CHUP-CDG) de Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso.
Methods: Klebsiella pneumoniae strains were isolated from various biological samples (urine, pus, blood, stool, cerebro spinal fluid) between 2009 and 2013 at the CHUP-CDG. The antibiotic susceptibility test for ceftriaxone (CRO), ceftazidime (CAZ), cefotaxime (CTX), and imipenem (IMP) was performed using the disk diffusion method on Mueller-Hinton agar. The blaNDM gene was detected by classical PCR.
Results: Out of 10 Klebsiella pneumoniae strains, the susceptibility test showed high resistance to cephalosporins. The resistance rates were 80.00% for CRO, 90.00% for CTX, 100% for CAZ, and 10.00% for IMP. Molecular characterization of NDM-type metallo-β-lactamases by PCRrevealed one (10.00%) strain carrying the blaNDM gene. Resistant strains
and the NDM gene were mostly found in bacteria isolated from urine.
Conclusions: This study highlights the presence of the blaNDM gene in resistant strains of Klebsiella pneumoniae to β-lactams at CHUP-CDG. Surveillance measures should be taken to prevent the emergence of bacteria producing these enzymes.

Mots-clés

Klebsiella pneumoniae, Antibiotic resistance, blaIMP gene, beta-lactamases, Burkina Faso