Characterization of Quinolone Resistance Genes in Gram-Negative Bacilli Isolated from Pus and Vaginal Swabs at Saint Camille Hospital, Ouagadougou (HOSCO), Burkina Faso

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Résumé

Introduction: Antibiotic resistance, particularly to quinolones, represents a major public health concern in Burkina Faso. Inrecent decades, plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance (PMQR) mechanisms have emerged, especially among Gram-negativebacteria. These mechanisms include, among others, qnr genes (qnrA, qnrB, qnrS). This study aimed to investigate the presence of quinolone resistance determinants in Gram-negative bacilli isolated from pus and vaginal samples at Saint Camille Hospitalof Ouagadougou (HOSCO). Methodology: A total of 19 strains of Escherichia coli isolated from pus and vaginal swabs were collected for bacteriological and molecular analysis. Four antibiotics, namely ciprofloxacin (CIP), norfloxacin (NOR),ofloxacin (OF) and levofloxacin (LEV) were used for sensitivity testing and molecular analysis focused on the detection ofqnrA, qnrB, and qnrS type genes.
Results: Resistance rates to CIP, NOR, OF, and LEV were 57.89%, 52.63%, 52.63%, and31.37%, respectively. Molecular analysis revealed the presence of qnrB, and qnrS genes in 28.47% of the isolates, for eachgene. The qnrA gene was not detected in any isolate. The analysis of the genetic support of resistance genes revealed that 50% of the qnrS genes were plasmid-borne, while only 25% of the qnrB genes were associated with plasmids. La Correlation analysis between resistance genes and antibiotics showed a moderate positive correlation between qnrB and NOR/LEV, there by suggesting the involvement of qnrB in resistance to these antibiotics.
Conclusion: These findings highlight the need forcontinuous surveillance of antibiotic resistance in clinical isolates.

Mots-clés

Quinolones, Qnr Genes, Burkina Faso