Antibiotic Susceptibility of Enterobacterales and Cocci Uropathogens in Patients Attending Regional Hospital of Dedougou, Western Region (Burkina Faso).

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Résumé

Making the diagnosis of urinary tract infection (UTI) and deciding when to initiate antimicrobial therapy remains a challenge to
healthcare providers. This study was focused on the identification of bacterial pathogens causing UTI as well the evaluation of related
antibiogram. A cross-sectional study was carried out over a period of one year (March 2018 to February 2019) in the Western part
of Burkina Faso. In total, 388 urines samples were collected from individuals with suspected UTIs attending the Regional Hospital
of Dedougou. Samples were inoculated on recommended media and isolation-identification of the bacterial strains were performed
using standard microbiological protocols. Antibiotic susceptibility was carried out following European committee on antimicrobial
susceptibility testing (EUCAST) recommended guidelines. The overall hospital prevalence of UTIs was 66% with 78.1% for males and
21.9% for females. In addition, half of the patients were under antibiotic treatment. Out of the 388 tested specimens, 132 (34.02%)
had significant bacterial growth. Escherichia coli (44.7%) was the most frequently isolated specie and 56.8% of the strains were
isolated from male patients. Enterobacterales were mainly resistant to amoxicillin-clavulanate, amoxicillin, ceftriaxone, ciprofloxacin
and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole. Cocci isolates were resistance to oxacillin, norfloxacin and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole. At
least, 17 of the Enterobacterales and 9 of the Cocci were multidrug resistant. The majority of isolates were resistant to commonly
prescribed antibiotics. Therefore, the physician should strictly follow the culture report before starting therapy to prevent the emergence
of multidrug resistance.

Mots-clés

Urinary Tract Infections; Uropathogens; Antibiotic Susceptibility; Multi-Drug Resistance; Burkina Faso