Evaluation of Cowpea Resistance to Cowpea Aphid Borne Mosaic Virus in Burkina Faso

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Résumé

Cowpea, Vigna unguiculata [L] Walp, is one of the most important grain legume grown in all arid and semi-arid regions of Africa. It contributes to reduce malnutrition and poverty and to achieve food security as well. However, cowpea production is hampered by many biotic and abiotic stresses which include viral diseases. Cowpea mosaic caused by CABMV is the main viral disease of cowpea in Africa. This study aims to determine the CABMV transmission rates through seeds describe the reaction of different cowpea genotypes to the virus and identify sources of resistance to serotype D of CABMV. A variation of seed born transmission of CABMV from 3% to 100% was observed for the varieties B301 and Kvu150. Inoculation of cowpea seedling with CABMV results in pods drop leading to yield loss. A negative correlation (r = - 0.33) was observed between date of onset of symptoms and hundred grains weight. The severity of symptoms varied from one cultivar to another. Thus, the best genotypes were those who had better production namely Kvx780-4 SH (28.08 g), Kvx780-3 (21.52 g), Kvx780-9 (20.31 g) and Gourgou (20, 02 g).

Mots-clés

Vigna, Biology, Mosaic virus, Abiotic component, Cultivar, Legume, Agronomy, Plant disease resistance, Veterinary medicine, Horticulture, Plant virus, Virus, Medicine, Virology