Serotyping and antimicrobial drug resistance of Salmonella isolated from lettuce and human diarrhea samples in Burkina Faso

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Résumé

Background: In Burkina Faso dirty water in particular those of the stoppings and the gutter ones are used for
vegetables irrigation in the gardens. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence and antibiotic susceptibility
of Salmonella serotypes from humans and lettuce samples in Burkina Faso.
Materials and Methods: Salmonella strains isolated from patients in 2009 to 2015 and lettuce samples in 2014 in
Burkina Faso were serotyped using specific antisera. All strains were subjected to a set of 14 antibiotics to study their
antibiogram by using Baeur–Kirby disk diffusion method.
Results: Out of 154 Salmonella isolated, 60 were from human and 94 from lettuce samples. Serotyping revealed four
different serotypes and 39% (60) untypeable strains from human and lettuce (14 and 46 strains). Salmonella serotypes
from human and lettuce samples were: Paratyphi A (10% and 22%), Paratyphi B (34% and 8%), Paratyphi C (14% and
18%) and Typhi (21% and 1%). A high resistance of Salmonella Paratyphi B and Salmonella spp to tetracycline were
70% from human and 35 % from lettuce samples. Multiresistance was observed to tetracycline, chloramphenicol and
amoxicillin/clavulanic-acid or ampicillin with Salmonella Paratyphi B 35% and Salmonella Typhi 33% from human
samples and Salmonella spp 4% from lettuce samples.
Conclusion: This study showed the diversity of Salmonella serotypes from both clinical and environmental samples
and emergence of multiresistant Salmonella to antibiotics in Burkina Faso. A lettuce is a potential source of
transmission of Salmonella causing diarrhea among human in Burkina Faso.

Mots-clés

Salmonella serotypes, antimicrobial susceptibility, lettuce, human