Extended spectrum beta-lactamase and fluoroquinolone resistance genes among Escherichia coli and Salmonella isolates from children with diarrhea, Burkina Faso

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Résumé

Abstract

Background

The emergence and spread of multidrug-resistant gram-negative bacteria (MDR) has become a major public health concern worldwide. This resistance is caused by enzymes-mediated genes (i.e., extended spectrum beta-lactamases) that are common in certain
Enterobacterioceae
species. However, the distribution of these genes is poorly documented in Burkina Faso. This study aims to determine the prevalence and distribution of the resistant genes coding for broad spectrum beta-lactamases and quinolones in rural Burkina Faso.



Methods

Multiplex PCR assays were carried out to detect ESBL-encoding genes, including
bla
OXA
,
bla
TEM
,
bla
CTX-M
,
bla
SHV
. The assays also assessed the presence of quinolone resistance gene namely
qnrA, qnrB and qnrS
in the quinolone-resistance DEC and
Salmonella
strains.



Results

The Extended-Spectrum Beta-Lactamases (ESBL) resistance phenotype was reported in all the
E
.
coli
isolates (5/5). Cross-resistance phenotype to quinolones (CRQ) was shown by one
Salmonella
strain (1/9) and three
E
.
coli
(3/5). Cross-resistance phenotypes to fluoroquinolones (CRFQ) were harboured by one
Salmonella
(1/9) and carbapenemase phenotypes were detected in two
E
.
coli
strains (2/5). Whilst the
bla
OXA
genes were detected in 100% (5/5) of
E
.
coli
isolates and in 33.33% (3/9)
Salmonella
isolates. One strain of
E
.
coli
(1/5) harbored the
bla
CTX−M
gene and the
qnr
B gene simultaneously.



Conclusions

This study identified β-lactam (
bla
) and quinolone resistance (
qnr
) genes in multidrug-resistant
E
.
coli
and
Salmonella
spp. in rural Burkina Faso. Our finding which highlighted the
enterobacteriaceae
strains resistance to β-lactams and quinolones are of high interest for adequate management of antimicrobial resistant genes outbreak in Burkina Faso.

Mots-clés

Microbiology, Salmonella, Beta-lactamase, Escherichia coli, Quinolone, Antibiotic resistance, Biology, Multiple drug resistance, Gene, Drug resistance, Diarrhea, Phenotype, Enterobacteriaceae, Virology, Antibiotics, Genetics, Bacteria, Medicine